04 // Kompendium Rumus Interaktif // RUMUS KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN, DERIVATIF & PORTOFOLIOROE = (Net Income / Revenue) × (Revenue / Assets) × (Assets / Equity)

Rumus Analisis DuPont ROE (Dekomposisi Imbal Hasil Ekuitas 3 & 5 Tahap)

Membedah Return on Equity (ROE) menjadi tiga pendorong utama kinerja bisnis: margin laba bersih, efisiensi perputaran aset, dan pengungkit keuangan.

Ringkasan Rumus

Rumus Utama

ROE = (Net Income / Revenue) × (Revenue / Assets) × (Assets / Equity)

Bentuk Turunan

ROE = Net Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier (3-Step DuPont)

ROA = (Net Income / Revenue) × (Revenue / Assets) = Net Income / Assets

ROE_5step = (NI/EBT) × (EBT/EBIT) × (EBIT/Rev) × (Rev/Assets) × (Assets/Equity)

Variabel & Satuan

Variabel & Satuan — DuPont ROE Identity (3-Step & 5-Step Return on Equity Decomposition)
Symbol	Name	Unit
ROE	Return on Equity (%)	%
netIncome	Net Income	USD M
revenue	Annual Revenue / Sales	USD M
assets	Average Total Assets	USD M
equity	Average Shareholders' Equity	USD M

Input & Parameter

netIncomeNet Income[USD M]

revenueAnnual Revenue / Sales[USD M]

assetsAverage Total Assets[USD M]

equityAverage Shareholders' Equity[USD M]

Hasil Perhitungan (Return on Equity (%))

ROE =30%

Catatan & Penjelasan Rumus

Start with the definition of Return on Equity: ROE = Net Income / Equity.
Multiply numerator and denominator by Revenue and by Total Assets: ROE = (Net Income / Revenue) × (Revenue / Assets) × (Assets / Equity).
Recognize the three ratios as Net Profit Margin, Asset Turnover, and the Equity Leverage Multiplier.

Contoh Soal & Pembahasan

#1: Decompose ROE for a company with $120M Net Income, $1,000M Revenue, $800M Assets, and $400M Equity.

Net Margin = 120/1000 = 12%Asset Turnover = 1000/800 = 1.25×Equity Multiplier = 800/400 = 2.0×

ROE = 12.0% × 1.25 × 2.0 = 15.0% (ROA) × 2.0

→ ROE = 30.0%

#2: Compare a high-margin luxury brand (20% margin, 0.75× turnover, 1.5× leverage) vs. a grocery chain (2.5% margin, 4.0× turnover, 2.25× leverage).

Luxury: 0.20 × 0.75 × 1.5Grocery: 0.025 × 4.0 × 2.25

Both products evaluate to 0.225

→ Both achieve 22.5% ROE through completely different business models

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